RESUMO
Despite the availability of drugs and pharmaceutical forms for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis symptoms, their adverse effects and lack of response to therapy reinforces the need to search for new technological formulation strategies capable of delaying the progress of the disease, with better therapeutic results and prolonged control of arthropathy. The aim of this bibliographic review was to identify new reported therapeutic approaches for these diseases. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis is an unresolved challenge, due to the complexity of these diseases. Thus, the new therapies aim to suppress inflammatory mediators and to reduce the degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition, the use of nano and microtechnology takes advantage of the properties of polymers, lipids, peptides, and nucleic acids to develop controlled drug release systems, aiming to obtain highly effective precision therapies, whose usefulness should be evaluated in future clinical trials.
RESUMO
Type 2 diabetes and obesity are possible risk factors for Alzheimers disease and these can be modified by physical activity and changes in dietary patterns, such as switching to a Mediterranean diet. This diet includes fruits, vegetables, olive oil, fish and moderate wine intake. These foods provide vitamins, polyphenols and unsaturated fatty acids. This diet should be able to reduce oxidative stress. The inflammatory response is also reduced by unsaturated fatty acids, resulting in a lower expression and a lower production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The Cardiovascular protection is related to the actions of polyphenols and unsaturated fatty acids on the vascular endothelium. The Mediterranean diet also can improve cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and metabolic syndrome. These beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet should have a role in Alzheimers disease prevention.